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authorLaurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>2021-03-23 16:11:33 +0200
committerLaurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>2021-03-25 19:37:03 +0200
commit92cad298fb7d9c459ba96cf06aa8079557e8020f (patch)
treee456666ae50b22eb7215daedac26665b2d7b47e0 /src/ipa/raspberrypi/controller/ccm_algorithm.hpp
parent02f56c5e5ecd5060f8ef583368e23f95e3a6fb86 (diff)
libcamera: camera_manager: Document the CameraManager destructor
The destructor stops the camera manager if it is running. This is at the moment an implementation detail, but makes sense to guarantee in the API. Document it. Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com> Reviewed-by: Sebastian Fricke <sebastian.fricke@posteo.net> Reviewed-by: Umang Jain <umang.jain@ideasonboard.com> Reviewed-by: Hirokazu Honda <hiroh@chromium.org> Reviewed-by: Paul Elder <paul.elder@ideasonboard.com>
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2019, Google Inc.
 *
 * stream.cpp - Video stream for a Camera
 */

#include <libcamera/stream.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <iomanip>
#include <limits.h>
#include <sstream>

#include <libcamera/request.h>

#include "log.h"
#include "utils.h"

/**
 * \file stream.h
 * \brief Video stream for a Camera
 *
 * A camera device can provide frames in different resolutions and formats
 * concurrently from a single image source. The Stream class represents
 * one of the multiple concurrent streams.
 *
 * All streams exposed by a camera device share the same image source and are
 * thus not fully independent. Parameters related to the image source, such as
 * the exposure time or flash control, are common to all streams. Other
 * parameters, such as format or resolution, may be specified per-stream,
 * depending on the capabilities of the camera device.
 *
 * Camera devices expose at least one stream, and may expose additional streams
 * based on the device capabilities. This can be used, for instance, to
 * implement concurrent viewfinder and video capture, or concurrent viewfinder,
 * video capture and still image capture.
 */

namespace libcamera {

LOG_DEFINE_CATEGORY(Stream)

/**
 * \class StreamFormats
 * \brief Hold information about supported stream formats
 *
 * The StreamFormats class holds information about the pixel formats and frame
 * sizes a stream supports. The class groups size information by the pixel
 * format which can produce it.
 *
 * There are two ways to examine the size information, as a range or as a list
 * of discrete sizes. When sizes are viewed as a range it describes the minimum
 * and maximum width and height values. The range description can include
 * horizontal and vertical steps.
 *
 * When sizes are viewed as a list of discrete sizes they describe the exact
 * dimensions which can be selected and used.
 *
 * Pipeline handlers can create StreamFormats describing each pixel format using
 * either a range or a list of discrete sizes. The StreamFormats class attempts
 * to translate between the two different ways to view them. The translations
 * are performed as:
 *
 *  - If the StreamFormat is constructed using a list of discrete image sizes
 *    and a range is requested, it gets created by taking the minimum and
 *    maximum width/height in the list. The step information is not recreated
 *    and is set to 0 to indicate the range is generated.
 *
 *  - If the image sizes used to construct a StreamFormat are expressed as a
 *    range and a list of discrete sizes is requested, one which fits inside
 *    that range are selected from a list of common sizes. The step information
 *    is taken into consideration when generating the sizes.
 *
 * Applications examining sizes as a range with step values of 0 shall be
 * aware that the range are generated from a list of discrete sizes and there
 * could be a large number of possible Size combinations that may not be
 * supported by the Stream.
 *
 * All sizes retrieved from StreamFormats shall be treated as advisory and no
 * size shall be considered to be supported until it has been verified using
 * CameraConfiguration::validate().
 *
 * \todo Review the usage patterns of this class, and cache the computed
 * pixelformats(), sizes() and range() if this would improve performances.
 */

StreamFormats::StreamFormats()
{
}

/**
 * \brief Construct a StreamFormats object with a map of image formats
 * \param[in] formats A map of pixel formats to a sizes description
 */
StreamFormats::StreamFormats(const std::map<unsigned int, std::vector<SizeRange>> &formats)
	: formats_(formats)
{
}

/**
 * \brief Retrieve the list of supported pixel formats
 * \return The list of supported pixel formats
 */
std::vector<unsigned int> StreamFormats::pixelformats() const
{
	std::vector<unsigned int> formats;

	for (auto const &it : formats_)
		formats.push_back(it.first);

	return formats;
}

/**
 * \brief Retrieve the list of frame sizes supported for \a pixelformat
 * \param[in] pixelformat Pixel format to retrieve sizes for
 *
 * If the sizes described for \a pixelformat are discrete they are returned
 * directly.
 *
 * If the sizes are described as a range, a list of discrete sizes are computed
 * from a list of common resolutions that fit inside the described range. When
 * computing the discrete list step values are considered but there are no
 * guarantees that all sizes computed are supported.
 *
 * \return A list of frame sizes or an empty list on error
 */
std::vector<Size> StreamFormats::sizes(unsigned int pixelformat) const
{
	/*
	 * Sizes to try and extract from ranges.
	 * \todo Verify list of resolutions are good, current list compiled
	 * from v4l2 documentation and source code as well as lists of
	 * common frame sizes.
	 */
	static const std::array<Size, 53> rangeDiscreteSizes = {
		Size(160, 120),
		Size(240, 160),
		Size(320, 240),
		Size(400, 240),
		Size(480, 320),
		Size(640, 360),
		Size(640, 480),
		Size(720, 480),
		Size(720, 576),
		Size(768, 480),
		Size(800, 600),
		Size(854, 480),
		Size(960, 540),
		Size(960, 640),
		Size(1024, 576),
		Size(1024, 600),
		Size(1024, 768),
		Size(1152, 864),
		Size(1280, 1024),
		Size(1280, 1080),
		Size(1280, 720),
		Size(1280, 800),
		Size(1360, 768),
		Size(1366, 768),
		Size(1400, 1050),
		Size(1440, 900),
		Size(1536, 864),
		Size(1600, 1200),
		Size(1600, 900),
		Size(1680, 1050),
		Size(1920, 1080),
		Size(1920, 1200),
		Size(2048, 1080),
		Size(2048, 1152),
		Size(2048, 1536),
		Size(2160, 1080),
		Size(2560, 1080),
		Size(2560, 1440),
		Size(2560, 1600),
		Size(2560, 2048),
		Size(2960, 1440),
		Size(3200, 1800),
		Size(3200, 2048),
		Size(3200, 2400),
		Size(3440, 1440),
		Size(3840, 1080),
		Size(3840, 1600),
		Size(3840, 2160),
		Size(3840, 2400),
		Size(4096, 2160),
		Size(5120, 2160),
		Size(5120, 2880),
		Size(7680, 4320),
	};
	std::vector<Size> sizes;

	/* Make sure pixel format exists. */
	auto const &it = formats_.find(pixelformat);
	if (it == formats_.end())
		return {};

	/* Try creating a list of discrete sizes. */
	const std::vector<SizeRange> &ranges = it->second;
	bool discrete = true;
	for (const SizeRange &range : ranges) {
		if (range.min != range.max) {
			discrete = false;
			break;
		}
		sizes.emplace_back(range.min);
	}

	/* If discrete not possible generate from range. */
	if (!discrete) {
		if (ranges.size() != 1) {
			LOG(Stream, Error) << "Range format is ambiguous";
			return {};
		}

		const SizeRange &limit = ranges.front();
		sizes.clear();

		for (const Size &size : rangeDiscreteSizes)
			if (limit.contains(size))
				sizes.push_back(size);
	}

	std::sort(sizes.begin(), sizes.end());

	return sizes;
}

/**
 * \brief Retrieve the range of minimum and maximum sizes
 * \param[in] pixelformat Pixel format to retrieve range for
 *
 * If the size described for \a pixelformat is a range, that range is returned
 * directly. If the sizes described are a list of discrete sizes, a range is
 * created from the minimum and maximum sizes in the list. The step values of
 * the range are set to 0 to indicate that the range is generated and that not
 * all image sizes contained in the range might be supported.
 *
 * \return A range of valid image sizes or an empty range on error
 */
SizeRange StreamFormats::range(unsigned int pixelformat) const
{
	auto const it = formats_.find(pixelformat);
	if (it == formats_.end())
		return {};

	const std::vector<SizeRange> &ranges = it->second;
	if (ranges.size() == 1)
		return ranges[0];

	LOG(Stream, Debug) << "Building range from discrete sizes";
	SizeRange range(UINT_MAX, UINT_MAX, 0, 0);
	for (const SizeRange &limit : ranges) {
		if (limit.min < range.min)
			range.min = limit.min;

		if (limit.max > range.max)
			range.max = limit.max;
	}

	range.hStep = 0;
	range.vStep = 0;

	return range;
}

/**
 * \enum MemoryType
 * \brief Define the memory type used by a Stream
 * \var MemoryType::InternalMemory
 * The Stream uses memory allocated internally by the library and exported to
 * applications.
 * \var MemoryType::ExternalMemory
 * The Stream uses memory allocated externally by application and imported in
 * the library.
 */

/**
 * \struct StreamConfiguration
 * \brief Configuration parameters for a stream
 *
 * The StreamConfiguration structure models all information which can be
 * configured for a single video stream.
 */

/**
 * \todo This method is deprecated and should be removed once all pipeline
 * handlers provied StreamFormats.
 */
StreamConfiguration::StreamConfiguration()
	: pixelFormat(0), memoryType(InternalMemory), stream_(nullptr)
{
}

/**
 * \brief Construct a configuration with stream formats
 */
StreamConfiguration::StreamConfiguration(const StreamFormats &formats)
	: pixelFormat(0), memoryType(InternalMemory), stream_(nullptr),
	  formats_(formats)
{
}

/**
 * \var StreamConfiguration::size
 * \brief Stream size in pixels
 */

/**
 * \var StreamConfiguration::pixelFormat
 * \brief Stream pixel format
 *
 * This is a little endian four character code representation of the pixel
 * format described in V4L2 using the V4L2_PIX_FMT_* definitions.
 */

/**
 * \var StreamConfiguration::memoryType
 * \brief The memory type the stream shall use
 */

/**
 * \var StreamConfiguration::bufferCount
 * \brief Requested number of buffers to allocate for the stream
 */

/**
 * \fn StreamConfiguration::stream()
 * \brief Retrieve the stream associated with the configuration
 *
 * When a camera is configured with Camera::configure() Stream instances are
 * associated with each stream configuration entry. This method retrieves the
 * associated Stream, which remains valid until the next call to
 * Camera::configure() or Camera::release().
 *
 * \return The stream associated with the configuration
 */

/**
 * \fn StreamConfiguration::setStream()
 * \brief Associate a stream with a configuration
 *
 * This method is meant for the PipelineHandler::configure() method and shall
 * not be called by applications.
 *
 * \param[in] stream The stream
 */

/**
 * \fn StreamConfiguration::formats()
 * \brief Retrieve advisory stream format information
 *
 * This method retrieves information about the pixel formats and sizes supported
 * by the stream configuration. The sizes are advisory and not all of them are
 * guaranteed to be supported by the stream. Users shall always inspect the size
 * in the stream configuration after calling CameraConfiguration::validate().
 *
 * \return Stream formats information
 */

/**
 * \brief Assemble and return a string describing the configuration
 *
 * \return A string describing the StreamConfiguration
 */
std::string StreamConfiguration::toString() const
{
	std::stringstream ss;
	ss << size.toString() << "-" << utils::hex(pixelFormat);
	return ss.str();
}

/**
 * \enum StreamRole
 * \brief Identify the role a stream is intended to play
 *
 * The StreamRole describes how an application intends to use a stream. Roles
 * are specified by applications and passed to cameras, that then select the
 * most appropriate streams and their default configurations.
 *
 * \var StillCapture
 * The stream is intended to capture high-resolution, high-quality still images
 * with low frame rate. The captured frames may be exposed with flash.
 * \var VideoRecording
 * The stream is intended to capture video for the purpose of recording or
 * streaming. The video stream may produce a high frame rate and may be
 * enhanced with video stabilization.
 * \var Viewfinder
 * The stream is intended to capture video for the purpose of display on the
 * local screen. Trade-offs between quality and usage of system resources are
 * acceptable.
 */

/**
 * \typedef StreamRoles
 * \brief A vector of StreamRole
 */

/**
 * \class Stream
 * \brief Video stream for a camera
 *
 * The Stream class models all static information which are associated with a
 * single video stream. Streams are exposed by the Camera object they belong to.
 *
 * Cameras may supply more than one stream from the same video source. In such
 * cases an application can inspect all available streams and select the ones
 * that best fit its use case.
 *
 * \todo Add capabilities to the stream API. Without this the Stream class only
 * serves to reveal how many streams of unknown capabilities a camera supports.
 * This in itself is productive as it allows applications to configure and
 * capture from one or more streams even if they won't be able to select the
 * optimal stream for the task.
 */

/**
 * \brief Construct a stream with default parameters
 */
Stream::Stream()
{
}

/**
 * \brief Create a Buffer instance referencing the memory buffer \a index
 * \param[in] index The desired buffer index
 *
 * This method creates a Buffer instance that references a BufferMemory from
 * the stream's buffers pool by its \a index. The index shall be lower than the
 * number of buffers in the pool.
 *
 * This method is only valid for streams that use the InternalMemory type. It
 * will return a null pointer when called on streams using the ExternalMemory
 * type.
 *
 * \return A newly created Buffer on success or nullptr otherwise
 */
std::unique_ptr<Buffer> Stream::createBuffer(unsigned int index)
{
	if (memoryType_ != InternalMemory) {
		LOG(Stream, Error) << "Invalid stream memory type";
		return nullptr;
	}

	if (index >= bufferPool_.count()) {
		LOG(Stream, Error) << "Invalid buffer index " << index;
		return nullptr;
	}

	Buffer *buffer = new Buffer();
	buffer->index_ = index;
	buffer->stream_ = this;

	return std::unique_ptr<Buffer>(buffer);
}

/**
 * \brief Create a Buffer instance that represents a memory area identified by
 * dmabuf file descriptors
 * \param[in] fds The dmabuf file descriptors for each plane
 *
 * This method creates a Buffer instance that references buffer memory
 * allocated outside of libcamera through dmabuf file descriptors. The \a
 * dmabuf array shall contain a file descriptor for each plane in the buffer,
 * and unused entries shall be set to -1.
 *
 * The buffer is created without a valid index, as it does not yet map to any of
 * the stream's BufferMemory instances. An index will be assigned at the time
 * the buffer is queued to the camera in a request. Applications may thus
 * create any number of Buffer instances, providing that no more than the
 * number of buffers allocated for the stream are queued at any given time.
 *
 * This method is only valid for streams that use the ExternalMemory type. It
 * will return a null pointer when called on streams using the InternalMemory
 * type.
 *
 * \sa Stream::mapBuffer()
 *
 * \return A newly created Buffer on success or nullptr otherwise
 */
std::unique_ptr<Buffer> Stream::createBuffer(const std::array<int, 3> &fds)
{
	if (memoryType_ != ExternalMemory) {
		LOG(Stream, Error) << "Invalid stream memory type";
		return nullptr;
	}

	Buffer *buffer = new Buffer();
	buffer->dmabuf_ = fds;
	buffer->stream_ = this;

	return std::unique_ptr<Buffer>(buffer);
}

/**
 * \fn Stream::bufferPool()
 * \brief Retrieve the buffer pool for the stream
 *
 * The buffer pool handles the memory buffers used to store frames for the
 * stream. It is initially created empty and shall be populated with
 * buffers before being used.
 *
 * \return A reference to the buffer pool
 */

/**
 * \fn Stream::buffers()
 * \brief Retrieve the memory buffers in the Stream's buffer pool
 * \return The list of stream's memory buffers
 */

/**
 * \fn Stream::configuration()
 * \brief Retrieve the active configuration of the stream
 * \return The active configuration of the stream
 */

/**
 * \fn Stream::memoryType()
 * \brief Retrieve the stream memory type
 * \return The memory type used by the stream
 */

/**
 * \brief Map a Buffer to a buffer memory index
 * \param[in] buffer The buffer to map to a buffer memory index
 *
 * Streams configured to use externally allocated memory need to maintain a
 * best-effort association between the memory area the \a buffer represents
 * and the associated buffer memory in the Stream's pool.
 *
 * The buffer memory to use, once the \a buffer reaches the video device,
 * is selected using the index assigned to the \a buffer and to minimize
 * relocations in the V4L2 back-end, this operation provides a best-effort
 * caching mechanism that associates to the dmabuf file descriptors contained
 * in the \a buffer the index of the buffer memory that was lastly queued with
 * those file descriptors set.
 *
 * If the Stream uses internally allocated memory, the index of the memory
 * buffer to use will match the one request at Stream::createBuffer(unsigned int)
 * time, and no mapping is thus required.
 *
 * \return The buffer memory index for the buffer on success, or a negative
 * error code otherwise
 * \retval -ENOMEM No buffer memory was available to map the buffer
 */
int Stream::mapBuffer(const Buffer *buffer)
{
	ASSERT(memoryType_ == ExternalMemory);

	if (bufferCache_.empty())
		return -ENOMEM;

	const std::array<int, 3> &dmabufs = buffer->dmabufs();

	/*
	 * Try to find a previously mapped buffer in the cache. If we miss, use
	 * the oldest entry in the cache.
	 */
	auto map = std::find_if(bufferCache_.begin(), bufferCache_.end(),
				[&](std::pair<std::array<int, 3>, unsigned int> &entry) {
					return entry.first == dmabufs;
				});
	if (map == bufferCache_.end())
		map = bufferCache_.begin();

	/*
	 * Update the dmabuf file descriptors of the entry. We can't assume that
	 * identical file descriptor numbers refer to the same dmabuf object as
	 * it may have been closed and its file descriptor reused. We thus need
	 * to update the plane's internally cached mmap()ed memory.
	 */
	unsigned int index = map->second;
	BufferMemory *mem = &bufferPool_.buffers()[index];
	mem->planes().clear();

	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < dmabufs.size(); ++i) {
		if (dmabufs[i] == -1)
			break;

		mem->planes().emplace_back();
		mem->planes().back().setDmabuf(dmabufs[i], 0);
	}

	/* Remove the buffer from the cache and return its index. */
	bufferCache_.erase(map);
	return index;
}

/**
 * \brief Unmap a Buffer from its buffer memory
 * \param[in] buffer The buffer to unmap
 *
 * This method releases the buffer memory entry that was mapped by mapBuffer(),
 * making it available for new mappings.
 */
void Stream::unmapBuffer(const Buffer *buffer)
{
	ASSERT(memoryType_ == ExternalMemory);

	bufferCache_.emplace_back(buffer->dmabufs(), buffer->index());
}

/**
 * \brief Create buffers for the stream
 * \param[in] count The number of buffers to create
 * \param[in] memory The stream memory type
 *
 * Create \a count empty buffers in the Stream's buffer pool.
 */
void Stream::createBuffers(MemoryType memory, unsigned int count)
{
	destroyBuffers();
	if (count == 0)
		return;

	memoryType_ = memory;
	bufferPool_.createBuffers(count);

	/* Streams with internal memory usage do not need buffer mapping. */