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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# clang-format configuration file. Intended for clang-format >= 4.
#
# For more information, see:
#
#   Documentation/process/clang-format.rst
#   https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html
#   https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormatStyleOptions.html
#
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Standard: Cpp11
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...
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2019, Google Inc.
 *
 * options.cpp - cam - Options parsing
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>

#include "options.h"

/**
 * \enum OptionArgument
 * \brief Indicate if an option takes an argument
 *
 * \var OptionArgument::ArgumentNone
 * \brief The option doesn't accept any argument
 *
 * \var OptionArgument::ArgumentRequired
 * \brief The option requires an argument
 *
 * \var OptionArgument::ArgumentOptional
 * \brief The option accepts an optional argument
 */

/**
 * \enum OptionType
 * \brief The type of argument for an option
 *
 * \var OptionType::OptionNone
 * \brief No argument type, used for options that take no argument
 *
 * \var OptionType::OptionInteger
 * \brief Integer argument type, with an optional base prefix (`0` for base 8,
 * `0x` for base 16, none for base 10)
 *
 * \var OptionType::OptionString
 * \brief String argument
 *
 * \var OptionType::OptionKeyValue
 * \brief key=value list argument
 */

/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Option
 */

/**
 * \struct Option
 * \brief Store metadata about an option
 *
 * \var Option::opt
 * \brief The option identifier
 *
 * \var Option::type
 * \brief The type of the option argument
 *
 * \var Option::name
 * \brief The option name
 *
 * \var Option::argument
 * \brief Whether the option accepts an optional argument, a mandatory
 * argument, or no argument at all
 *
 * \var Option::argumentName
 * \brief The argument name used in the help text
 *
 * \var Option::help
 * \brief The help text (may be a multi-line string)
 *
 * \var Option::keyValueParser
 * \brief For options of type OptionType::OptionKeyValue, the key-value parser
 * to parse the argument
 *
 * \var Option::isArray
 * \brief Whether the option can appear once or multiple times
 *
 * \var Option::parent
 * \brief The parent option
 *
 * \var Option::children
 * \brief List of child options, storing all options whose parent is this option
 *
 * \fn Option::hasShortOption()
 * \brief Tell if the option has a short option specifier (e.g. `-f`)
 * \return True if the option has a short option specifier, false otherwise
 *
 * \fn Option::hasLongOption()
 * \brief Tell if the option has a long option specifier (e.g. `--foo`)
 * \return True if the option has a long option specifier, false otherwise
 */
struct Option {
	int opt;
	OptionType type;
	const char *name;
	OptionArgument argument;
	const char *argumentName;
	const char *help;
	KeyValueParser *keyValueParser;
	bool isArray;
	Option *parent;
	std::list<Option> children;

	bool hasShortOption() const { return isalnum(opt); }
	bool hasLongOption() const { return name != nullptr; }
	const char *typeName() const;
	std::string optionName() const;
};

/**
 * \brief Retrieve a string describing the option type
 * \return A string describing the option type
 */
const char *Option::typeName() const
{
	switch (type) {
	case OptionNone:
		return "none";

	case OptionInteger:
		return "integer";

	case OptionString:
		return "string";

	case OptionKeyValue:
		return "key=value";
	}

	return "unknown";
}

/**
 * \brief Retrieve a string describing the option name, with leading dashes
 * \return A string describing the option name, as a long option identifier
 * (double dash) if the option has a name, or a short option identifier (single
 * dash) otherwise
 */
std::string Option::optionName() const
{
	if (name)
		return "--" + std::string(name);
	else
		return "-" + std::string(1, opt);
}

/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * OptionBase<T>
 */

/**
 * \class template<typename T> OptionBase
 * \brief Container to store the values of parsed options
 * \tparam T The type through which options are identified
 *
 * The OptionsBase class is generated by a parser (either OptionsParser or
 * KeyValueParser) when parsing options. It stores values for all the options
 * found, and exposes accessor functions to retrieve them. The options are
 * accessed through an identifier to type \a T, which is an int referencing an
 * Option::opt for OptionsParser, or a std::string referencing an Option::name
 * for KeyValueParser.
 */

/**
 * \fn OptionsBase::OptionsBase()
 * \brief Construct an OptionsBase instance
 *
 * The constructed instance is initially invalid, and will be populated by the
 * options parser.
 */

/**
 * \brief Tell if the stored options list is empty
 * \return True if the container is empty, false otherwise
 */
template<typename T>
bool OptionsBase<T>::empty() const
{
	return values_.empty();
}

/**
 * \brief Tell if the options parsing completed successfully
 * \return True if the container is returned after successfully parsing
 * options, false if it is returned after an error was detected during parsing
 */
template<typename T>
bool OptionsBase<T>::valid() const
{
	return valid_;
}

/**
 * \brief Tell if the option \a opt is specified
 * \param[in] opt The option to search for
 * \return True if the \a opt option is set, false otherwise
 */
template<typename T>
bool OptionsBase<T>::isSet(const T &opt) const
{
	return values_.find(opt) != values_.end();
}

/**
 * \brief Retrieve the value of option \a opt
 * \param[in] opt The option to retrieve
 * \return The value of option \a opt if found, an empty OptionValue otherwise
 */
template<typename T>
const OptionValue &OptionsBase<T>::operator[](const T &opt) const
{
	static const OptionValue empty;

	auto it = values_.find(opt);
	if (it != values_.end())
		return it->second;
	return empty;
}

/**
 * \brief Mark the container as invalid
 *
 * This function can be used in a key-value parser's override of the
 * KeyValueParser::parse() function to mark the returned options as invalid if
 * a validation error occurs.
 */
template<typename T>
void OptionsBase<T>::invalidate()
{
	valid_ = false;
}

template<typename T>
bool OptionsBase<T>::parseValue(const T &opt, const Option &option,
				const char *arg)
{
	OptionValue value;

	switch (option.type) {
	case OptionNone:
		break;

	case OptionInteger:
		unsigned int integer;

		if (arg) {
			char *endptr;
			integer = strtoul(arg, &endptr, 0);
			if (*endptr != '\0')
				return false;
		} else {
			integer = 0;
		}

		value = OptionValue(integer);
		break;

	case OptionString:
		value = OptionValue(arg ? arg : "");
		break;

	case OptionKeyValue:
		KeyValueParser *kvParser = option.keyValueParser;
		KeyValueParser::Options keyValues = kvParser->parse(arg);
		if (!keyValues.valid())
			return false;

		value = OptionValue(keyValues);
		break;
	}

	if (option.isArray)
		values_[opt].addValue(value);
	else
		values_[opt] = value;

	return true;
}

template class OptionsBase<int>;
template class OptionsBase<std::string>;

/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * KeyValueParser
 */

/**
 * \class KeyValueParser
 * \brief A specialized parser for list of key-value pairs
 *
 * The KeyValueParser is an options parser for comma-separated lists of
 * `key=value` pairs. The supported keys are added to the parser with
 * addOption(). A given key can only appear once in the parsed list.
 *
 * Instances of this class can be passed to the OptionsParser::addOption()
 * function to create options that take key-value pairs as an option argument.
 * Specialized versions of the key-value parser can be created by inheriting
 * from this class, to pre-build the options list in the constructor, and to add
 * custom validation by overriding the parse() function.
 */

/**
 * \class KeyValueParser::Options
 * \brief An option list generated by the key-value parser
 *
 * This is a specialization of OptionsBase with the option reference type set to
 * std::string.
 */

KeyValueParser::KeyValueParser() = default;
KeyValueParser::~KeyValueParser() = default;

/**
 * \brief Add a supported option to the parser
 * \param[in] name The option name, corresponding to the key name in the
 * key=value pair. The name shall be unique.
 * \param[in] type The type of the value in the key=value pair
 * \param[in] help The help text
 * \param[in] argument Whether the value is optional, mandatory or not allowed.
 * Shall be ArgumentNone if \a type is OptionNone.
 *
 * \sa OptionsParser
 *
 * \return True if the option was added successfully, false if an error
 * occurred.
 */
bool KeyValueParser::addOption(const char *name, OptionType type,
			       const char *help, OptionArgument argument)
{
	if (!name)
		return false;
	if (!help || help[0] == '\0')
		return false;
	if (argument != ArgumentNone && type == OptionNone)
		return false;

	/* Reject duplicate options. */
	if (optionsMap_.find(name) != optionsMap_.end())
		return false;

	optionsMap_[name] = Option({ 0, type, name, argument, nullptr,
				     help, nullptr, false, nullptr, {} });
	return true;
}

/**
 * \brief Parse a string containing a list of key-value pairs
 * \param[in] arguments The key-value pairs string to parse
 *
 * If a parsing error occurs, the parsing stops and the function returns an
 * invalid container. The container is populated with the options successfully
 * parsed so far.
 *
 * \return A valid container with the list of parsed options on success, or an
 * invalid container otherwise
 */
KeyValueParser::Options KeyValueParser::parse(const char *arguments)
{
	Options options;

	for (const char *pair = arguments; *arguments != '\0'; pair = arguments) {
		const char *comma = strchrnul(arguments, ',');
		size_t len = comma - pair;

		/* Skip over the comma. */
		arguments = *comma == ',' ? comma + 1 : comma;

		/* Skip to the next pair if the pair is empty. */
		if (!len)
			continue;

		std::string key;
		std::string value;

		const char *separator = static_cast<const char *>(memchr(pair, '=', len));
		if (!separator) {
			key = std::string(pair, len);
			value = "";
		} else {
			key = std::string(pair, separator - pair);
			value = std::string(separator + 1, comma - separator - 1);
		}

		/* The key is mandatory, the value might be optional. */
		if (key.empty())
			continue;

		if (optionsMap_.find(key) == optionsMap_.end()) {
			std::cerr << "Invalid option " << key << std::endl;
			return options;
		}

		OptionArgument arg = optionsMap_[key].argument;
		if (value.empty() && arg == ArgumentRequired) {
			std::cerr << "Option " << key << " requires an argument"
				  << std::endl;
			return options;
		} else if (!value.empty() && arg == ArgumentNone) {
			std::cerr << "Option " << key << " takes no argument"
				  << std::endl;
			return options;
		}

		const Option &option = optionsMap_[key];
		if (!options.parseValue(key, option, value.c_str())) {
			std::cerr << "Failed to parse '" << value << "' as "
				  << option.typeName() << " for option " << key
				  << std::endl;
			return options;