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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2020, Raspberry Pi (Trading) Limited
 *
 * bayer_format.cpp - Class to represent Bayer formats
 */

#include "libcamera/internal/bayer_format.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
#include <sstream>
#include <unordered_map>

#include <linux/media-bus-format.h>

#include <libcamera/formats.h>
#include <libcamera/transform.h>

/**
 * \file bayer_format.h
 * \brief Class to represent Bayer formats and manipulate them
 */

namespace libcamera {

/**
 * \class BayerFormat
 * \brief Class to represent a raw image Bayer format
 *
 * This class encodes the different Bayer formats in such a way that they can
 * be easily manipulated. For example, the bit depth or Bayer order can be
 * easily altered - the Bayer order can even be "transformed" in the same
 * manner as happens in many sensors when their horizontal or vertical "flip"
 * controls are set.
 */

/**
 * \enum BayerFormat::Order
 * \brief The order of the colour channels in the Bayer pattern
 *
 * \var BayerFormat::BGGR
 * \brief B then G on the first row, G then R on the second row.
 * \var BayerFormat::GBRG
 * \brief G then B on the first row, R then G on the second row.
 * \var BayerFormat::GRBG
 * \brief G then R on the first row, B then G on the second row.
 * \var BayerFormat::RGGB
 * \brief R then G on the first row, G then B on the second row.
 * \var BayerFormat::MONO
 * \brief Monochrome image data, there is no colour filter array.
 */

/**
 * \enum BayerFormat::Packing
 * \brief Different types of packing that can be applied to a BayerFormat
 *
 * \var BayerFormat::Packing::None
 * \brief No packing
 * \var BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2
 * \brief Format uses MIPI CSI-2 style packing
 * \var BayerFormat::Packing::IPU3
 * \brief Format uses IPU3 style packing
 */

namespace {

/* Define a slightly arbitrary ordering so that we can use a std::map. */
struct BayerFormatComparator {
	constexpr bool operator()(const BayerFormat &lhs, const BayerFormat &rhs) const
	{
		if (lhs.bitDepth < rhs.bitDepth)
			return true;
		else if (lhs.bitDepth > rhs.bitDepth)
			return false;

		if (lhs.order < rhs.order)
			return true;
		else if (lhs.order > rhs.order)
			return false;

		if (lhs.packing < rhs.packing)
			return true;
		else
			return false;
	}
};

struct Formats {
	PixelFormat pixelFormat;
	V4L2PixelFormat v4l2Format;
};

const std::map<BayerFormat, Formats, BayerFormatComparator> bayerToFormat{
	{ { BayerFormat::BGGR, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SBGGR8, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GBRG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGBRG8, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GRBG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGRBG8, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::RGGB, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SRGGB8, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SBGGR10, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GBRG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGBRG10, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GRBG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGRBG10, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::RGGB, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SRGGB10, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SBGGR10_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GBRG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SGBRG10_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GRBG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SGRBG10_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::RGGB, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SRGGB10_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::IPU3 },
		{ formats::SBGGR10_IPU3, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_IPU3_SBGGR10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GBRG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::IPU3 },
		{ formats::SGBRG10_IPU3, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_IPU3_SGBRG10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GRBG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::IPU3 },
		{ formats::SGRBG10_IPU3, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_IPU3_SGRBG10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::RGGB, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::IPU3 },
		{ formats::SRGGB10_IPU3, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_IPU3_SRGGB10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::BGGR, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SBGGR12, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GBRG, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGBRG12, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GRBG, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGRBG12, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::RGGB, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SRGGB12, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::BGGR, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SBGGR12_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GBRG, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SGBRG12_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GRBG, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SGRBG12_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::RGGB, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::SRGGB12_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12P) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::BGGR, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SBGGR16, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GBRG, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGBRG16, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG16) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::GRBG, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SGRBG16, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG16) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::RGGB, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::SRGGB16, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB16) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::MONO, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::R8, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::MONO, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None },
		{ formats::R10, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10) } },
	{ { BayerFormat::MONO, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::CSI2 },
		{ formats::R10_CSI2P, V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10P) } },
};

const std::unordered_map<unsigned int, BayerFormat> mbusCodeToBayer{
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR8_1X8, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGBRG8_1X8, { BayerFormat::GBRG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGRBG8_1X8, { BayerFormat::GRBG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SRGGB8_1X8, { BayerFormat::RGGB, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR10_ALAW8_1X8, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGBRG10_ALAW8_1X8, { BayerFormat::GBRG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGRBG10_ALAW8_1X8, { BayerFormat::GRBG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SRGGB10_ALAW8_1X8, { BayerFormat::RGGB, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR10_DPCM8_1X8, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGBRG10_DPCM8_1X8, { BayerFormat::GBRG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGRBG10_DPCM8_1X8, { BayerFormat::GRBG, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SRGGB10_DPCM8_1X8, { BayerFormat::RGGB, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR10_2X8_PADHI_BE, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR10_2X8_PADHI_LE, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR10_2X8_PADLO_BE, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR10_2X8_PADLO_LE, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR10_1X10, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGBRG10_1X10, { BayerFormat::GBRG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGRBG10_1X10, { BayerFormat::GRBG, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SRGGB10_1X10, { BayerFormat::RGGB, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR12_1X12, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGBRG12_1X12, { BayerFormat::GBRG, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGRBG12_1X12, { BayerFormat::GRBG, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SRGGB12_1X12, { BayerFormat::RGGB, 12, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR14_1X14, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 14, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGBRG14_1X14, { BayerFormat::GBRG, 14, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGRBG14_1X14, { BayerFormat::GRBG, 14, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SRGGB14_1X14, { BayerFormat::RGGB, 14, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SBGGR16_1X16, { BayerFormat::BGGR, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGBRG16_1X16, { BayerFormat::GBRG, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SGRBG16_1X16, { BayerFormat::GRBG, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_SRGGB16_1X16, { BayerFormat::RGGB, 16, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_Y8_1X8, { BayerFormat::MONO, 8, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
	{ MEDIA_BUS_FMT_Y10_1X10, { BayerFormat::MONO, 10, BayerFormat::Packing::None } },
};

} /* namespace */

/**
 * \fn BayerFormat::BayerFormat()
 * \brief Construct an empty (and invalid) BayerFormat
 */

/**
 * \fn BayerFormat::BayerFormat(Order o, uint8_t b, Packing p)
 * \brief Construct a BayerFormat from explicit values
 * \param[in] o The order of the Bayer pattern
 * \param[in] b The bit depth of the Bayer samples
 * \param[in] p The type of packing applied to the pixel values
 */

/**
 * \brief Retrieve the BayerFormat associated with a media bus code
 * \param[in] mbusCode The media bus code to convert into a BayerFormat
 *
 * The media bus code numeric identifiers are defined by the V4L2 specification.
 */
const BayerFormat &BayerFormat::fromMbusCode(unsigned int mbusCode)
{
	static BayerFormat empty;

	const auto it = mbusCodeToBayer.find(mbusCode);
	if (it == mbusCodeToBayer.end())
		return empty;
	else
		return it->second;
}

/**
 * \fn BayerFormat::isValid()
 * \brief Return whether a BayerFormat is valid
 */

/**