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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
# Copyright (C) 2022, Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen@ideasonboard.com>
#
# Debayering code from PiCamera documentation
from numpy.lib.stride_tricks import as_strided
import libcamera as libcam
import libcamera.utils
import numpy as np
def demosaic(data, r0, g0, g1, b0):
# Separate the components from the Bayer data to RGB planes
rgb = np.zeros(data.shape + (3,), dtype=data.dtype)
rgb[r0[1]::2, r0[0]::2, 0] = data[r0[1]::2, r0[0]::2] # Red
rgb[g0[1]::2, g0[0]::2, 1] = data[g0[1]::2, g0[0]::2] # Green
rgb[g1[1]::2, g1[0]::2, 1] = data[g1[1]::2, g1[0]::2] # Green
rgb[b0[1]::2, b0[0]::2, 2] = data[b0[1]::2, b0[0]::2] # Blue
# Below we present a fairly naive de-mosaic method that simply
# calculates the weighted average of a pixel based on the pixels
# surrounding it. The weighting is provided by a byte representation of
# the Bayer filter which we construct first:
bayer = np.zeros(rgb.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
bayer[r0[1]::2, r0[0]::2, 0] = 1 # Red
bayer[g0[1]::2, g0[0]::2, 1] = 1 # Green
bayer[g1[1]::2, g1[0]::2, 1] = 1 # Green
bayer[b0[1]::2, b0[0]::2, 2] = 1 # Blue
# Allocate an array to hold our output with the same shape as the input
# data. After this we define the size of window that will be used to
# calculate each weighted average (3x3). Then we pad out the rgb and
# bayer arrays, adding blank pixels at their edges to compensate for the
# size of the window when calculating averages for edge pixels.
output = np.empty(rgb.shape, dtype=rgb.dtype)
window = (3, 3)
borders = (window[0] - 1, window[1] - 1)
border = (borders[0] // 2, borders[1] // 2)
rgb = np.pad(rgb, [
(border[0], border[0]),
(border[1], border[1]),
(0, 0),
], 'constant')
bayer = np.pad(bayer, [
(border[0], border[0]),
(border[1], border[1]),
(0, 0),
], 'constant')
# For each plane in the RGB data, we use a nifty numpy trick
# (as_strided) to construct a view over the plane of 3x3 matrices. We do
# the same for the bayer array, then use Einstein summation on each
# (np.sum is simpler, but copies the data so it's slower), and divide
# the results to get our weighted average:
for plane in range(3):
p = rgb[..., plane]
b = bayer[..., plane]
pview = as_strided(p, shape=(
p.shape[0] - borders[0],
p.shape[1] - borders[1]) + window, strides=p.strides * 2)
bview = as_strided(b, shape=(
b.shape[0] - borders[0],
b.shape[1] - borders[1]) + window, strides=b.strides * 2)
psum = np.einsum('ijkl->ij', pview)
bsum = np.einsum('ijkl->ij', bview)
output[..., plane] = psum // bsum
return output
def to_rgb(fmt, size, data):
w = size.width
h = size.height
if fmt == libcam.formats.YUYV:
# YUV422
yuyv = data.reshape((h, w // 2 * 4))
# YUV444
yuv = np.empty((h, w, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
yuv[:, :, 0] = yuyv[:, 0::2] # Y
yuv[:, :, 1] = yuyv[:, 1::4].repeat(2, axis=1) # U
yuv[:, :, 2] = yuyv[:, 3::4].repeat(2, axis=1) # V
m = np.array([
[1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
[-0.000007154783816076815, -0.3441331386566162, 1.7720025777816772],
[1.4019975662231445, -0.7141380310058594, 0.00001542569043522235]
])
rgb = np.dot(yuv, m)
rgb[:, :, 0] -= 179.45477266423404
rgb[:, :, 1] += 135.45870971679688
rgb[:, :, 2] -= 226.8183044444304
rgb = rgb.astype(np.uint8)
elif fmt == libcam.formats.RGB888:
rgb = data.reshape((h, w, 3))
rgb[:, :, [0, 1, 2]] = rgb[:, :, [2, 1, 0]]
elif fmt == libcam.formats.BGR888:
rgb = data.reshape((h, w, 3))
elif fmt in [libcam.formats.ARGB8888, libcam.formats.XRGB8888]:
rgb = data.reshape((h, w, 4))
rgb = np.flip(rgb, axis=2)
# drop alpha component
rgb = np.delete(rgb, np.s_[0::4], axis=2)
elif str(fmt).startswith('S'):
fmt = str(fmt)
bayer_pattern = fmt[1:5]
bitspp = int(fmt[5:])
if bitspp == 8:
data = data.reshape((h, w))
data = data.astype(np.uint16)
elif bitspp in [10, 12]:
data = data.view(np.uint16)
data = data.reshape((h, w))
else:
raise Exception('Bad bitspp:' + str(bitspp))
idx = bayer_pattern.find('R')
assert(idx != -1)
r0 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
idx = bayer_pattern.find('G')
assert(idx != -1)
g0 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
idx = bayer_pattern.find('G', idx + 1)
assert(idx != -1)
g1 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
idx = bayer_pattern.find('B')
assert(idx != -1)
b0 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
rgb = demosaic(data, r0, g0, g1, b0)
rgb = (rgb >> (bitspp - 8)).astype(np.uint8)
else:
rgb = None
return rgb
# A naive format conversion to 24-bit RGB
def mfb_to_rgb(mfb: libcamera.utils.MappedFrameBuffer, cfg: libcam.StreamConfiguration):
data = np.array(mfb.planes[0], dtype=np.uint8)
rgb = to_rgb(cfg.pixel_format, cfg.size, data)
return rgb
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