py: cam: Move conversion funcs to helpers.py

Move conversion functions from cam_qt.py to helpers.py to clean up the
code and so that they can be used from other cam renderers.

Signed-off-by: Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>

1 files changed, 160 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/py/cam/helpers.py b/src/py/cam/helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6b32a134
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/py/cam/helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+# Copyright (C) 2022, Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen@ideasonboard.com>
+#
+# Debayering code from PiCamera documentation
+
+from numpy.lib.stride_tricks import as_strided
+import libcamera as libcam
+import libcamera.utils
+import numpy as np
+
+
+def demosaic(data, r0, g0, g1, b0):
+    # Separate the components from the Bayer data to RGB planes
+
+    rgb = np.zeros(data.shape + (3,), dtype=data.dtype)
+    rgb[r0[1]::2, r0[0]::2, 0] = data[r0[1]::2, r0[0]::2]  # Red
+    rgb[g0[1]::2, g0[0]::2, 1] = data[g0[1]::2, g0[0]::2]  # Green
+    rgb[g1[1]::2, g1[0]::2, 1] = data[g1[1]::2, g1[0]::2]  # Green
+    rgb[b0[1]::2, b0[0]::2, 2] = data[b0[1]::2, b0[0]::2]  # Blue
+
+    # Below we present a fairly naive de-mosaic method that simply
+    # calculates the weighted average of a pixel based on the pixels
+    # surrounding it. The weighting is provided by a byte representation of
+    # the Bayer filter which we construct first:
+
+    bayer = np.zeros(rgb.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
+    bayer[r0[1]::2, r0[0]::2, 0] = 1  # Red
+    bayer[g0[1]::2, g0[0]::2, 1] = 1  # Green
+    bayer[g1[1]::2, g1[0]::2, 1] = 1  # Green
+    bayer[b0[1]::2, b0[0]::2, 2] = 1  # Blue
+
+    # Allocate an array to hold our output with the same shape as the input
+    # data. After this we define the size of window that will be used to
+    # calculate each weighted average (3x3). Then we pad out the rgb and
+    # bayer arrays, adding blank pixels at their edges to compensate for the
+    # size of the window when calculating averages for edge pixels.
+
+    output = np.empty(rgb.shape, dtype=rgb.dtype)
+    window = (3, 3)
+    borders = (window[0] - 1, window[1] - 1)
+    border = (borders[0] // 2, borders[1] // 2)
+
+    rgb = np.pad(rgb, [
+        (border[0], border[0]),
+        (border[1], border[1]),
+        (0, 0),
+    ], 'constant')
+    bayer = np.pad(bayer, [
+        (border[0], border[0]),
+        (border[1], border[1]),
+        (0, 0),
+    ], 'constant')
+
+    # For each plane in the RGB data, we use a nifty numpy trick
+    # (as_strided) to construct a view over the plane of 3x3 matrices. We do
+    # the same for the bayer array, then use Einstein summation on each
+    # (np.sum is simpler, but copies the data so it's slower), and divide
+    # the results to get our weighted average:
+
+    for plane in range(3):
+        p = rgb[..., plane]
+        b = bayer[..., plane]
+        pview = as_strided(p, shape=(
+            p.shape[0] - borders[0],
+            p.shape[1] - borders[1]) + window, strides=p.strides * 2)
+        bview = as_strided(b, shape=(
+            b.shape[0] - borders[0],
+            b.shape[1] - borders[1]) + window, strides=b.strides * 2)
+        psum = np.einsum('ijkl->ij', pview)
+        bsum = np.einsum('ijkl->ij', bview)
+        output[..., plane] = psum // bsum
+
+    return output
+
+
+def to_rgb(fmt, size, data):
+    w = size.width
+    h = size.height
+
+    if fmt == libcam.formats.YUYV:
+        # YUV422
+        yuyv = data.reshape((h, w // 2 * 4))
+
+        # YUV444
+        yuv = np.empty((h, w, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
+        yuv[:, :, 0] = yuyv[:, 0::2]                    # Y
+        yuv[:, :, 1] = yuyv[:, 1::4].repeat(2, axis=1)  # U
+        yuv[:, :, 2] = yuyv[:, 3::4].repeat(2, axis=1)  # V
+
+        m = np.array([
+            [1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
+            [-0.000007154783816076815, -0.3441331386566162, 1.7720025777816772],
+            [1.4019975662231445, -0.7141380310058594, 0.00001542569043522235]
+        ])
+
+        rgb = np.dot(yuv, m)
+        rgb[:, :, 0] -= 179.45477266423404
+        rgb[:, :, 1] += 135.45870971679688
+        rgb[:, :, 2] -= 226.8183044444304
+        rgb = rgb.astype(np.uint8)
+
+    elif fmt == libcam.formats.RGB888:
+        rgb = data.reshape((h, w, 3))
+        rgb[:, :, [0, 1, 2]] = rgb[:, :, [2, 1, 0]]
+
+    elif fmt == libcam.formats.BGR888:
+        rgb = data.reshape((h, w, 3))
+
+    elif fmt in [libcam.formats.ARGB8888, libcam.formats.XRGB8888]:
+        rgb = data.reshape((h, w, 4))
+        rgb = np.flip(rgb, axis=2)
+        # drop alpha component
+        rgb = np.delete(rgb, np.s_[0::4], axis=2)
+
+    elif str(fmt).startswith('S'):
+        fmt = str(fmt)
+        bayer_pattern = fmt[1:5]
+        bitspp = int(fmt[5:])
+
+        # \todo shifting leaves the lowest bits 0
+        if bitspp == 8:
+            data = data.reshape((h, w))
+            data = data.astype(np.uint16) << 8
+        elif bitspp in [10, 12]:
+            data = data.view(np.uint16)
+            data = data.reshape((h, w))
+            data = data << (16 - bitspp)
+        else:
+            raise Exception('Bad bitspp:' + str(bitspp))
+
+        idx = bayer_pattern.find('R')
+        assert(idx != -1)
+        r0 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
+
+        idx = bayer_pattern.find('G')
+        assert(idx != -1)
+        g0 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
+
+        idx = bayer_pattern.find('G', idx + 1)
+        assert(idx != -1)
+        g1 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
+
+        idx = bayer_pattern.find('B')
+        assert(idx != -1)
+        b0 = (idx % 2, idx // 2)
+
+        rgb = demosaic(data, r0, g0, g1, b0)
+        rgb = (rgb >> 8).astype(np.uint8)
+
+    else:
+        rgb = None
+
+    return rgb
+
+
+# A naive format conversion to 24-bit RGB
+def mfb_to_rgb(mfb: libcamera.utils.MappedFrameBuffer, cfg: libcam.StreamConfiguration):
+    data = np.array(mfb.planes[0], dtype=np.uint8)
+    rgb = to_rgb(cfg.pixel_format, cfg.size, data)
+    return rgb