ipa: libipa: algorithm: Add an algorithm registration mechanism

In order to allow dynamic instantiation of algorithms based on tuning
data files, add a mechanism to register algorithms with the IPA module.
The implementation relies on an AlgorithmFactory class and a
registration macro, similar to the pipeline handler registration
mechanism. The main difference is that the algorithm registration and
instantiation are implemented in the Module class instead of the
AlgorithmFactory class, making the factory an internal implementation
detail.

Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Elder <paul.elder@ideasonboard.com>

5 files changed, 152 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/Doxyfile.in b/Documentation/Doxyfile.in
index 3d20e3ca..4bb83d50 100644
--- a/Documentation/Doxyfile.in
+++ b/Documentation/Doxyfile.in
@@ -886,6 +886,7 @@ EXCLUDE_SYMBOLS        = libcamera::BoundMethodArgs \
                          libcamera::BoundMethodStatic \
                          libcamera::CameraManager::Private \
                          libcamera::SignalBase \
+                         libcamera::ipa::AlgorithmFactoryBase \
                          *::details \
                          std::*
 
diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.cpp b/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.cpp
index 2df91e5d..1d099808 100644
--- a/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.cpp
+++ b/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,11 @@ namespace ipa {
  */
 
 /**
+ * \typedef Algorithm::Module
+ * \brief The IPA module type for this class of algorithms
+ */
+
+/**
  * \fn Algorithm::configure()
  * \brief Configure the Algorithm given an IPAConfigInfo
  * \param[in] context The shared IPA context
@@ -94,6 +99,49 @@ namespace ipa {
  * such that the algorithms use up to date state as required.
  */
 
+/**
+ * \class AlgorithmFactory
+ * \brief Registration of Algorithm classes and creation of instances
+ * \tparam _Algorithm The algorithm class type for this factory
+ *
+ * To facilitate instantiation of Algorithm classes, the AlgorithmFactory class
+ * implements auto-registration of algorithms with the IPA Module class. Each
+ * Algorithm subclass shall register itself using the REGISTER_IPA_ALGORITHM()
+ * macro, which will create a corresponding instance of an AlgorithmFactory and
+ * register it with the IPA Module.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * \fn AlgorithmFactory::AlgorithmFactory()
+ * \brief Construct an algorithm factory
+ * \param[in] name Name of the algorithm class
+ *
+ * Creating an instance of the factory automatically registers is with the IPA
+ * Module class, enabling creation of algorithm instances through
+ * Module::createAlgorithm().
+ *
+ * The factory \a name identifies the algorithm and shall be unique.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * \fn AlgorithmFactory::create()
+ * \brief Create an instance of the Algorithm corresponding to the factory
+ * \return A pointer to a newly constructed instance of the Algorithm subclass
+ * corresponding to the factory
+ */
+
+/**
+ * \def REGISTER_IPA_ALGORITHM
+ * \brief Register an algorithm with the IPA module
+ * \param[in] algorithm Class name of Algorithm derived class to register
+ * \param[in] name Name of the algorithm
+ *
+ * Register an Algorithm subclass with the IPA module to make it available for
+ * instantiation through Module::createAlgorithm(). The \a name identifies the
+ * algorithm and must be unique across all algorithms registered for the IPA
+ * module.
+ */
+
 } /* namespace ipa */
 
 } /* namespace libcamera */
diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.h b/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.h
index fd2ffcfb..cfbe4ed8 100644
--- a/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.h
+++ b/src/ipa/libipa/algorithm.h
@@ -6,14 +6,19 @@
  */
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
 namespace libcamera {
 
 namespace ipa {
 
-template<typename Module>
+template<typename _Module>
 class Algorithm
 {
 public:
+	using Module = _Module;
+
 	virtual ~Algorithm() {}
 
 	virtual int configure([[maybe_unused]] typename Module::Context &context,
@@ -34,6 +39,46 @@ public:
 	}
 };
 
+template<typename _Module>
+class AlgorithmFactoryBase
+{
+public:
+	AlgorithmFactoryBase(const char *name)
+		: name_(name)
+	{
+		_Module::registerAlgorithm(this);
+	}
+
+	virtual ~AlgorithmFactoryBase() = default;
+
+	const std::string &name() const { return name_; }
+
+	virtual std::unique_ptr<Algorithm<_Module>> create() const = 0;
+
+private:
+	std::string name_;
+};
+
+template<typename _Algorithm>
+class AlgorithmFactory : public AlgorithmFactoryBase<typename _Algorithm::Module>
+{
+public:
+	AlgorithmFactory(const char *name)
+		: AlgorithmFactoryBase<typename _Algorithm::Module>(name)
+	{
+	}
+
+	~AlgorithmFactory() = default;
+
+	std::unique_ptr<Algorithm<typename _Algorithm::Module>> create() const override
+	{
+		return std::make_unique<_Algorithm>();
+	}
+};
+
+#define REGISTER_IPA_ALGORITHM(algorithm, name) \
+static AlgorithmFactory<algorithm> global_##algorithm##Factory(name);
+
 } /* namespace ipa */
 
 } /* namespace libcamera */
diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/module.cpp b/src/ipa/libipa/module.cpp
index d03cc8ef..451614fd 100644
--- a/src/ipa/libipa/module.cpp
+++ b/src/ipa/libipa/module.cpp
@@ -75,6 +75,30 @@ namespace ipa {
  * \brief The type of the IPA statistics and ISP results
  */
 
+/**
+ * \fn Module::createAlgorithm()
+ * \brief Create an instance of an Algorithm by name
+ * \param[in] name The algorithm name
+ *
+ * This function is the entry point to algorithm instantiation for the IPA
+ * module. It creates and returns an instance of an algorithm identified by its
+ * \a name. If no such algorithm exists, the function returns nullptr.
+ *
+ * To make an algorithm available to the IPA module, it shall be registered with
+ * the REGISTER_IPA_ALGORITHM() macro.
+ *
+ * \return A new instance of the Algorithm subclass corresponding to the \a name
+ */
+
+/**
+ * \fn Module::registerAlgorithm()
+ * \brief Add an algorithm factory class to the list of available algorithms
+ * \param[in] factory Factory to use to construct the algorithm
+ *
+ * This function registers an algorithm factory. It is meant to be called by the
+ * AlgorithmFactory constructor only.
+ */
+
 } /* namespace ipa */
 
 } /* namespace libcamera */
diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/module.h b/src/ipa/libipa/module.h
index c4d77812..05f39801 100644
--- a/src/ipa/libipa/module.h
+++ b/src/ipa/libipa/module.h
@@ -7,6 +7,12 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "algorithm.h"
+
 namespace libcamera {
 
 namespace ipa {
@@ -23,6 +29,33 @@ public:
 	using Stats = _Stats;
 
 	virtual ~Module() {}
+
+	static std::unique_ptr<Algorithm<Module>> createAlgorithm(const std::string &name)
+	{
+		for (const AlgorithmFactoryBase<Module> *factory : factories()) {
+			if (factory->name() == name)
+				return factory->create();
+		}
+
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	static void registerAlgorithm(AlgorithmFactoryBase<Module> *factory)
+	{
+		factories().push_back(factory);
+	}
+
+private:
+	static std::vector<AlgorithmFactoryBase<Module> *> &factories()
+	{
+		/*
+		 * The static factories map is defined inside the function to ensure
+		 * it gets initialized on first use, without any dependency on
+		 * link order.
+		 */
+		static std::vector<AlgorithmFactoryBase<Module> *> factories;
+		return factories;
+	}
 };
 
 } /* namespace ipa */