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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
/*
* Copyright (C) 2018, Google Inc.
*
* pipeline_handler.cpp - Pipeline handler infrastructure
*/
#include "libcamera/internal/pipeline_handler.h"
#include <chrono>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <libcamera/base/log.h>
#include <libcamera/base/mutex.h>
#include <libcamera/base/utils.h>
#include <libcamera/camera.h>
#include <libcamera/camera_manager.h>
#include <libcamera/framebuffer.h>
#include "libcamera/internal/camera.h"
#include "libcamera/internal/device_enumerator.h"
#include "libcamera/internal/framebuffer.h"
#include "libcamera/internal/media_device.h"
#include "libcamera/internal/request.h"
#include "libcamera/internal/tracepoints.h"
/**
* \file pipeline_handler.h
* \brief Create pipelines and cameras from a set of media devices
*
* Each pipeline supported by libcamera needs to be backed by a pipeline
* handler implementation that operate on a set of media devices. The pipeline
* handler is responsible for matching the media devices it requires with the
* devices present in the system, and once all those devices can be acquired,
* create corresponding Camera instances.
*
* Every subclass of PipelineHandler shall be registered with libcamera using
* the REGISTER_PIPELINE_HANDLER() macro.
*/
using namespace std::chrono_literals;
namespace libcamera {
LOG_DEFINE_CATEGORY(Pipeline)
/**
* \class PipelineHandler
* \brief Create and manage cameras based on a set of media devices
*
* The PipelineHandler matches the media devices provided by a DeviceEnumerator
* with the pipelines it supports and creates corresponding Camera devices.
*
* Pipeline handler instances are reference-counted through std::shared_ptr<>.
* They implement std::enable_shared_from_this<> in order to create new
* std::shared_ptr<> in code paths originating from member functions of the
* PipelineHandler class where only the 'this' pointer is available.
*/
/**
* \brief Construct a PipelineHandler instance
* \param[in] manager The camera manager
*
* In order to honour the std::enable_shared_from_this<> contract,
* PipelineHandler instances shall never be constructed manually, but always
* through the PipelineHandlerFactoryBase::create() function.
*/
PipelineHandler::PipelineHandler(CameraManager *manager)
: manager_(manager), useCount_(0)
{
}
PipelineHandler::~PipelineHandler()
{
for (std::shared_ptr<MediaDevice> media : mediaDevices_)
media->release();
}
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::match(DeviceEnumerator *enumerator)
* \brief Match media devices and create camera instances
* \param[in] enumerator The enumerator providing all media devices found in the
* system
*
* This function is the main entry point of the pipeline handler. It is called
* by the camera manager with the \a enumerator passed as an argument. It shall
* acquire from the \a enumerator all the media devices it needs for a single
* pipeline, create one or multiple Camera instances and register them with the
* camera manager.
*
* If all media devices needed by the pipeline handler are found, they must all
* be acquired by a call to MediaDevice::acquire(). This function shall then
* create the corresponding Camera instances, store them internally, and return
* true. Otherwise it shall not acquire any media device (or shall release all
* the media devices is has acquired by calling MediaDevice::release()) and
* return false.
*
* If multiple instances of a pipeline are available in the system, the
* PipelineHandler class will be instantiated once per instance, and its match()
* function called for every instance. Each call shall acquire media devices for
* one pipeline instance, until all compatible media devices are exhausted.
*
* If this function returns true, a new instance of the pipeline handler will
* be created and its match() function called.
*
* \context This function is called from the CameraManager thread.
*
* \return true if media devices have been acquired and camera instances
* created, or false otherwise
*/
/**
* \brief Search and acquire a MediaDevice matching a device pattern
* \param[in] enumerator Enumerator containing all media devices in the system
* \param[in] dm Device match pattern
*
* Search the device \a enumerator for an available media device matching the
* device match pattern \a dm. Matching media device that have previously been
* acquired by MediaDevice::acquire() are not considered. If a match is found,
* the media device is acquired and returned. The caller shall not release the
* device explicitly, it will be automatically released when the pipeline
* handler is destroyed.
*
* \context This function shall be called from the CameraManager thread.
*
* \return A pointer to the matching MediaDevice, or nullptr if no match is found
*/
MediaDevice *PipelineHandler::acquireMediaDevice(DeviceEnumerator *enumerator,
const DeviceMatch &dm)
{
std::shared_ptr<MediaDevice> media = enumerator->search(dm);
if (!media)
return nullptr;
if (!media->acquire())
return nullptr;
mediaDevices_.push_back(media);
return media.get();
}
/**
* \brief Acquire exclusive access to the pipeline handler for the process
*
* This function locks all the media devices used by the pipeline to ensure
* that no other process can access them concurrently.
*
* Access to a pipeline handler may be acquired recursively from within the
* same process. Every successful acquire() call shall be matched with a
* release() call. This allows concurrent access to the same pipeline handler
* from different cameras within the same process.
*
* Pipeline handlers shall not call this function directly as the Camera class
* handles access internally.
*
* \context This function is \threadsafe.
*
* \return True if the pipeline handler was acquired, false if another process
* has already acquired it
* \sa release()
*/
bool PipelineHandler::acquire()
{
MutexLocker locker(lock_);
if (useCount_) {
++useCount_;
return true;
}
for (std::shared_ptr<MediaDevice> &media : mediaDevices_) {
if (!media->lock()) {
unlockMediaDevices();
return false;
}
}
++useCount_;
return true;
}
/**
* \brief Release exclusive access to the pipeline handler
* \param[in] camera The camera for which to release data
*
* This function releases access to the pipeline handler previously acquired by
* a call to acquire(). Every release() call shall match a previous successful
* acquire() call. Calling this function on a pipeline handler that hasn't been
* acquired results in undefined behaviour.
*
* Pipeline handlers shall not call this function directly as the Camera class
* handles access internally.
*
* \context This function is \threadsafe.
*
* \sa acquire()
*/
void PipelineHandler::release(Camera *camera)
{
MutexLocker locker(lock_);
ASSERT(useCount_);
unlockMediaDevices();
releaseDevice(camera);
--useCount_;
}
/**
* \brief Release resources associated with this camera
* \param[in] camera The camera for which to release resources
*
* Pipeline handlers may override this in order to perform cleanup operations
* when a camera is released, such as freeing memory.
*/
void PipelineHandler::releaseDevice([[maybe_unused]] Camera *camera)
{
}
void PipelineHandler::unlockMediaDevices()
{
for (std::shared_ptr<MediaDevice> &media : mediaDevices_)
media->unlock();
}
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::generateConfiguration()
* \brief Generate a camera configuration for a specified camera
* \param[in] camera The camera to generate a default configuration for
* \param[in] roles A list of stream roles
*
* Generate a default configuration for the \a camera for a specified list of
* stream roles. The caller shall populate the \a roles with the use-cases it
* wishes to fetch the default configuration for. The returned configuration
* can then be examined by the caller to learn about the selected streams and
* their default parameters.
*
* The intended companion to this is \a configure() which can be used to change
* the group of streams parameters.
*
* \context This function may be called from any thread and shall be
* \threadsafe. It shall not modify the state of the \a camera in the pipeline
* handler.
*
* \return A valid CameraConfiguration if the requested roles can be satisfied,
* or a null pointer otherwise.
*/
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::configure()
* \brief Configure a group of streams for capture
* \param[in] camera The camera to configure
* \param[in] config The camera configurations to setup
*
* Configure the specified group of streams for \a camera according to the
* configuration specified in \a config. The intended caller of this interface
* is the Camera class which will receive configuration to apply from the
* application.
*
* The configuration is guaranteed to have been validated with
* CameraConfiguration::validate(). The pipeline handler implementation shall
* not perform further validation and may rely on any custom field stored in its
* custom CameraConfiguration derived class.
*
* When configuring the camera the pipeline handler shall associate a Stream
* instance to each StreamConfiguration entry in the CameraConfiguration using
* the StreamConfiguration::setStream() function.
*
* \context This function is called from the CameraManager thread.
*
* \return 0 on success or a negative error code otherwise
*/
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::exportFrameBuffers()
* \brief Allocate and export buffers for \a stream
* \param[in] camera The camera
* \param[in] stream The stream to allocate buffers for
* \param[out] buffers Array of buffers successfully allocated
*
* This function allocates buffers for the \a stream from the devices associated
* with the stream in the corresponding pipeline handler. Those buffers shall be
* suitable to be added to a Request for the stream, and shall be mappable to
* the CPU through their associated dmabufs with mmap().
*
* The function may only be called after the Camera has been configured and
* before it gets started, or after it gets stopped. It shall be called only for
* streams that are part of the active camera configuration.
*
* The only intended caller is Camera::exportFrameBuffers().
*
* \context This function is called from the CameraManager thread.
*
* \return The number of allocated buffers on success or a negative error code
* otherwise
*/
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::start()
* \brief Start capturing from a group of streams
* \param[in] camera The camera to start
* \param[in] controls Controls to be applied before starting the Camera
*
* Start the group of streams that have been configured for capture by
* \a configure(). The intended caller of this function is the Camera class
* which will in turn be called from the application to indicate that it has
* configured the streams and is ready to capture.
*
* \context This function is called from the CameraManager thread.
*
* \return 0 on success or a negative error code otherwise
*/
/**
* \brief Stop capturing from all running streams and cancel pending requests
* \param[in] camera The camera to stop
*
* This function stops capturing and processing requests immediately. All
* pending requests are cancelled and complete immediately in an error state.
*
* \context This function is called from the CameraManager thread.
*/
void PipelineHandler::stop(Camera *camera)
{
/* Stop the pipeline handler and let the queued requests complete. */
stopDevice(camera);
/* Cancel and signal as complete all waiting requests. */
while (!waitingRequests_.empty()) {
Request *request = waitingRequests_.front();
waitingRequests_.pop();
request->_d()->cancel();
completeRequest(request);
}
/* Make sure no requests are pending. */
Camera::Private *data = camera->_d();
ASSERT(data->queuedRequests_.empty());
data->requestSequence_ = 0;
}
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::stopDevice()
* \brief Stop capturing from all running streams
* \param[in] camera The camera to stop
*
* This function stops capturing and processing requests immediately. All
* pending requests are cancelled and complete immediately in an error state.
*/
/**
* \brief Determine if the camera has any requests pending
* \param[in] camera The camera to check
*
* This function determines if there are any requests queued to the pipeline
* awaiting processing.
*
* \return True if there are pending requests, or false otherwise
*/
bool PipelineHandler::hasPendingRequests(const Camera *camera) const
{
return !camera->_d()->queuedRequests_.empty();
}
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::registerRequest()
* \brief Register a request for use by the pipeline handler
* \param[in] request The request to register
*
* This function is called when the request is created, and allows the pipeline
* handler to perform any one-time initialization it requries for the request.
*/
void PipelineHandler::registerRequest(Request *request)
{
/*
* Connect the request prepared signal to notify the pipeline handler
* when a request is ready to be processed.
*/
request->_d()->prepared.connect(this, &PipelineHandler::doQueueRequests);
}
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::queueRequest()
* \brief Queue a request
* \param[in] request The request to queue
*
* This function queues a capture request to the pipeline handler for
* processing. The request is first added to the internal list of waiting
* requests which have to be prepared to make sure they are ready for being
* queued to the pipeline handler.
*
* The queue of waiting requests is iterated and all prepared requests are
* passed to the pipeline handler in the same order they have been queued by
* calling this function.
*
* If a Request fails during the preparation phase or if the pipeline handler
* fails in queuing the request to the hardware the request is cancelled.
*
* Keeping track of queued requests ensures automatic completion of all requests
* when the pipeline handler is stopped with stop(). Request completion shall be
* signalled by the pipeline handler using the completeRequest() function.
*
* \context This function is called from the CameraManager thread.
*/
void PipelineHandler::queueRequest(Request *request)
{
LIBCAMERA_TRACEPOINT(request_queue, request);
waitingRequests_.push(request);
request->_d()->prepare(300ms);
}
/**
* \brief Queue one requests to the device
*/
void PipelineHandler::doQueueRequest(Request *request)
{
LIBCAMERA_TRACEPOINT(request_device_queue, request);
Camera *camera = request->_d()->camera();
Camera::Private *data = camera->_d();
data->queuedRequests_.push_back(request);
request->_d()->sequence_ = data->requestSequence_++;
if (request->_d()->cancelled_) {
completeRequest(request);
return;
}
int ret = queueRequestDevice(camera, request);
if (ret) {
request->_d()->cancel();
completeRequest(request);
}
}
/**
* \brief Queue prepared requests to the device
*
* Iterate the list of waiting requests and queue them to the device one
* by one if they have been prepared.
*/
void PipelineHandler::doQueueRequests()
{
while (!waitingRequests_.empty()) {
Request *request = waitingRequests_.front();
if (!request->_d()->prepared_)
break;
doQueueRequest(request);
waitingRequests_.pop();
}
}
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::queueRequestDevice()
* \brief Queue a request to the device
* \param[in] camera The camera to queue the request to
* \param[in] request The request to queue
*
* This function queues a capture request to the device for processing. The
* request contains a set of buffers associated with streams and a set of
* parameters. The pipeline handler shall program the device to ensure that the
* parameters will be applied to the frames captured in the buffers provided in
* the request.
*
* \context This function is called from the CameraManager thread.
*
* \return 0 on success or a negative error code otherwise
*/
/**
* \brief Complete a buffer for a request
* \param[in] request The request the buffer belongs to
* \param[in] buffer The buffer that has completed
*
* This function shall be called by pipeline handlers to signal completion of
* the \a buffer part of the \a request. It notifies applications of buffer
* completion and updates the request's internal buffer tracking. The request
* is not completed automatically when the last buffer completes to give
* pipeline handlers a chance to perform any operation that may still be
* needed. They shall complete requests explicitly with completeRequest().
*
* \context This function shall be called from the CameraManager thread.
*
* \return True if all buffers contained in the request have completed, false
* otherwise
*/
bool PipelineHandler::completeBuffer(Request *request, FrameBuffer *buffer)
{
Camera *camera = request->_d()->camera();
camera->bufferCompleted.emit(request, buffer);
return request->_d()->completeBuffer(buffer);
}
/**
* \brief Signal request completion
* \param[in] request The request that has completed
*
* The pipeline handler shall call this function to notify the \a camera that
* the request has completed. The request is no longer managed by the pipeline
* handler and shall not be accessed once this function returns.
*
* This function ensures that requests will be returned to the application in
* submission order, the pipeline handler may call it on any complete request
* without any ordering constraint.
*
* \context This function shall be called from the CameraManager thread.
*/
void PipelineHandler::completeRequest(Request *request)
{
Camera *camera = request->_d()->camera();
request->_d()->complete();
Camera::Private *data = camera->_d();
while (!data->queuedRequests_.empty()) {
Request *req = data->queuedRequests_.front();
if (req->status() == Request::RequestPending)
break;
ASSERT(!req->hasPendingBuffers());
data->queuedRequests_.pop_front();
camera->requestComplete(req);
}
}
/**
* \brief Retrieve the absolute path to a platform configuration file
* \param[in] subdir The pipeline handler specific subdirectory name
* \param[in] name The configuration file name
*
* This function locates a named platform configuration file and returns
* its absolute path to the pipeline handler. It searches the following
* directories, in order:
*
* - If libcamera is not installed, the src/libcamera/pipeline/\<subdir\>/data/
* directory within the source tree ; otherwise
* - The system data (share/libcamera/pipeline/\<subdir\>) directory.
*
* The system directories are not searched if libcamera is not installed.
*
* \return The full path to the pipeline handler configuration file, or an empty
* string if no configuration file can be found
*/
std::string PipelineHandler::configurationFile(const std::string &subdir,
const std::string &name) const
{
std::string confPath;
struct stat statbuf;
int ret;
std::string root = utils::libcameraSourcePath();
if (!root.empty()) {
/*
* When libcamera is used before it is installed, load
* configuration files from the source directory. The
* configuration files are then located in the 'data'
* subdirectory of the corresponding pipeline handler.
*/
std::string confDir = root + "src/libcamera/pipeline/";
confPath = confDir + subdir + "/data/" + name;
LOG(Pipeline, Info)
<< "libcamera is not installed. Loading platform configuration file from '"
<< confPath << "'";
} else {
/* Else look in the system locations. */
confPath = std::string(LIBCAMERA_DATA_DIR)
+ "/pipeline/" + subdir + '/' + name;
}
ret = stat(confPath.c_str(), &statbuf);
if (ret == 0 && (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
return confPath;
LOG(Pipeline, Error)
<< "Configuration file '" << confPath
<< "' not found for pipeline handler '" << PipelineHandler::name() << "'";
return std::string();
}
/**
* \brief Register a camera to the camera manager and pipeline handler
* \param[in] camera The camera to be added
*
* This function is called by pipeline handlers to register the cameras they
* handle with the camera manager.
*
* \context This function shall be called from the CameraManager thread.
*/
void PipelineHandler::registerCamera(std::shared_ptr<Camera> camera)
{
cameras_.push_back(camera);
if (mediaDevices_.empty())
LOG(Pipeline, Fatal)
<< "Registering camera with no media devices!";
/*
* Walk the entity list and map the devnums of all capture video nodes
* to the camera.
*/
std::vector<dev_t> devnums;
for (const std::shared_ptr<MediaDevice> &media : mediaDevices_) {
for (const MediaEntity *entity : media->entities()) {
if (entity->pads().size() == 1 &&
(entity->pads()[0]->flags() & MEDIA_PAD_FL_SINK) &&
entity->function() == MEDIA_ENT_F_IO_V4L) {
devnums.push_back(makedev(entity->deviceMajor(),
entity->deviceMinor()));
}
}
}
manager_->addCamera(std::move(camera), devnums);
}
/**
* \brief Enable hotplug handling for a media device
* \param[in] media The media device
*
* This function enables hotplug handling, and especially hot-unplug handling,
* of the \a media device. It shall be called by pipeline handlers for all the
* media devices that can be disconnected.
*
* When a media device passed to this function is later unplugged, the pipeline
* handler gets notified and automatically disconnects all the cameras it has
* registered without requiring any manual intervention.
*/
void PipelineHandler::hotplugMediaDevice(MediaDevice *media)
{
media->disconnected.connect(this, [=]() { mediaDeviceDisconnected(media); });
}
/**
* \brief Slot for the MediaDevice disconnected signal
*/
void PipelineHandler::mediaDeviceDisconnected(MediaDevice *media)
{
media->disconnected.disconnect(this);
if (cameras_.empty())
return;
disconnect();
}
/**
* \brief Device disconnection handler
*
* This virtual function is called to notify the pipeline handler that the
* device it handles has been disconnected. It notifies all cameras created by
* the pipeline handler that they have been disconnected, and unregisters them
* from the camera manager.
*
* The function can be overloaded by pipeline handlers to perform custom
* operations at disconnection time. Any overloaded version shall call the
* PipelineHandler::disconnect() base function for proper hot-unplug operation.
*/
void PipelineHandler::disconnect()
{
/*
* Each camera holds a reference to its associated pipeline handler
* instance. Hence, when the last camera is dropped, the pipeline
* handler will get destroyed by the last manager_->removeCamera(camera)
* call in the loop below.
*
* This is acceptable as long as we make sure that the code path does not
* access any member of the (already destroyed) pipeline handler instance
* afterwards. Therefore, we move the cameras_ vector to a local temporary
* container to avoid accessing freed memory later i.e. to explicitly run
* cameras_.clear().
*/
std::vector<std::weak_ptr<Camera>> cameras{ std::move(cameras_) };
for (const std::weak_ptr<Camera> &ptr : cameras) {
std::shared_ptr<Camera> camera = ptr.lock();
if (!camera)
continue;
camera->disconnect();
manager_->removeCamera(camera);
}
}
/**
* \var PipelineHandler::manager_
* \brief The Camera manager associated with the pipeline handler
*
* The camera manager pointer is stored in the pipeline handler for the
* convenience of pipeline handler implementations. It remains valid and
* constant for the whole lifetime of the pipeline handler.
*/
/**
* \fn PipelineHandler::name()
* \brief Retrieve the pipeline handler name
* \context This function shall be \threadsafe.
* \return The pipeline handler name
*/
/**
* \class PipelineHandlerFactoryBase
* \brief Base class for pipeline handler factories
*
* The PipelineHandlerFactoryBase class is the base of all specializations of
* the PipelineHandlerFactory class template. It implements the factory
* registration, maintains a registry of factories, and provides access to the
* registered factories.
*/
/**
* \brief Construct a pipeline handler factory base
* \param[in] name Name of the pipeline handler class
*
* Creating an instance of the factory base registers it with the global list of
* factories, accessible through the factories() function.
*
* The factory \a name is used for debug purpose and shall be unique.
*/
PipelineHandlerFactoryBase::PipelineHandlerFactoryBase(const char *name)
: name_(name)
{
registerType(this);
}
/**
* \brief Create an instance of the PipelineHandler corresponding to the factory
* \param[in] manager The camera manager
*
* \return A shared pointer to a new instance of the PipelineHandler subclass
* corresponding to the factory
*/
std::shared_ptr<PipelineHandler> PipelineHandlerFactoryBase::create(CameraManager *manager) const
{
std::unique_ptr<PipelineHandler> handler = createInstance(manager);
handler->name_ = name_.c_str();
return std::shared_ptr<PipelineHandler>(std::move(handler));
}
/**
* \fn PipelineHandlerFactoryBase::name()
* \brief Retrieve the factory name
* \return The factory name
*/
/**
* \brief Add a pipeline handler class to the registry
* \param[in] factory Factory to use to construct the pipeline handler
*
* The caller is responsible to guarantee the uniqueness of the pipeline handler
* name.
*/
void PipelineHandlerFactoryBase::registerType(PipelineHandlerFactoryBase *factory)
{
std::vector<PipelineHandlerFactoryBase *> &factories =
PipelineHandlerFactoryBase::factories();
factories.push_back(factory);
}
/**
* \brief Retrieve the list of all pipeline handler factories
* \return the list of pipeline handler factories
*/
std::vector<PipelineHandlerFactoryBase *> &PipelineHandlerFactoryBase::factories()
{
/*
* The static factories map is defined inside the function to ensure
* it gets initialized on first use, without any dependency on
* link order.
*/
static std::vector<PipelineHandlerFactoryBase *> factories;
return factories;
}
/**
* \class PipelineHandlerFactory
* \brief Registration of PipelineHandler classes and creation of instances
* \tparam _PipelineHandler The pipeline handler class type for this factory
*
* To facilitate discovery and instantiation of PipelineHandler classes, the
* PipelineHandlerFactory class implements auto-registration of pipeline
* handlers. Each PipelineHandler subclass shall register itself using the
* REGISTER_PIPELINE_HANDLER() macro, which will create a corresponding
* instance of a PipelineHandlerFactory and register it with the static list of
* factories.
*/
/**
* \fn PipelineHandlerFactory::PipelineHandlerFactory(const char *name)
* \brief Construct a pipeline handler factory
* \param[in] name Name of the pipeline handler class
*
* Creating an instance of the factory registers it with the global list of
* factories, accessible through the factories() function.
*
* The factory \a name is used for debug purpose and shall be unique.
*/
/**
* \fn PipelineHandlerFactory::createInstance() const
* \brief Create an instance of the PipelineHandler corresponding to the factory
* \param[in] manager The camera manager
* \return A unique pointer to a newly constructed instance of the
* PipelineHandler subclass corresponding to the factory
*/
/**
* \def REGISTER_PIPELINE_HANDLER
* \brief Register a pipeline handler with the pipeline handler factory
* \param[in] handler Class name of PipelineHandler derived class to register
*
* Register a PipelineHandler subclass with the factory and make it available to
* try and match devices.
*/
} /* namespace libcamera */
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